Dujiangyan Irrigation System
Sichuan Province, China
Your base for this destination is the city of Chengdu. For travel information about Chengdu, go to Chengdu Travel Guide
The Dujiangyan Irrigation System is a historical Chinese irrigation system that was constructed around 250 BC by the Governor Li Bing (and his son) of Shu Prefecture in Qin State. It is located in Dujiangyan, 56 km west of present day Chengdu. Today, over two thousand years later, the Dujiangyan Irrigation System still supplies water. The system works by diverting part of the Minjiang River into an aqueduct leading to Chengdu.
To build the Dujiangyan Irrigation System, Li Bing had to cut a path through Mount Yulei on the bank of the Minjiang River. This is accomplished before the invention of explosives by repeatedly heating and cooling the rock to crack and weaken it.
Dujiangyan Irrigation System.
The Dujiangyan irrigation system also includes a dike in the middle of the river and spillways to help reduce the silt that flows into the aqueduct. The spillways allow excess water to continue down the Minjiang River in order to prevent the flooding of the Chengdu basin. Thus, in addition to supplying water, the system also prevents flooding.
Due to the Dujiangyan Irrigation System, the amount of irrigated area was expanded from 126,000 hectares to nearly 660,000 hectares covering 36 counties.
The Dujiangyan Irrigation System consists of three main parts:
Yuzui, the fish-mouth-like water-dividing dyke
Feishayan, the spillway for discharging excess water and silt
Baopingkow, the channel through Mount Yulei
The Dujiangyan Irrigation System was recognised by Unesco as a World Heritage Site on 29 November, 2000.
In the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake (also called the Wenchuan Earthquake after the county in its epicenter) that happened on 12 May 2008, the "Fish Mouth" of the ancient Jujiangyan Irrigation System suffered some cracks but was otherwise undamaged.
View from Yizui, the water dividing dyke from the water of the Minjiang River (at left) is diverted by the Dujiangyan aqueduct to supply water to Chengdu.
View of the Fish Mouth Embankment that diverts the water of the Minjiang River.
The Feishayan spillway of the Dujiangyan Irrigation System.
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