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Kota Kuala Muda is an old fort by the banks of the Muda River, near its confluence with Sungai Mas, in Kedah. Today it is in an advanced stage of ruin. All that remains are entrance gate to the fort and some foundation stones, which have been excavated and preserved in situ.
Kuala Muda was the site of the capital of the Kingdom of Kedah under the reign of the 21st sultan of Kedah, Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah II (1797-1843), who moved the capital from Kota Setar to Kota Kuala Muda.
Kota Kuala Muda was built to protect the trade of tin and spices that pass through the Muda River. In 1821, internal strive within the royal court of Kedah saw Kota Kuala Muda being captured by Tengku Yaakob, the younger brother of Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin, with the assistance of Siamese troops.
Repeated attempts by Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin to wrest back the fort was unsuccessful, compelling the sultan to move his capital to Alor Setar.
Gate of Kota Kuala Muda (11 March 2008)
© Timothy Tye using this photo
Another view of the Kota Kuala Muda gate (11 March 2008)
© Timothy Tye using this photo
Ruins of Kota Kuala Muda (11 March 2008)
© Timothy Tye using this photo
Shell-based foundation of Kota Kuala Muda (11 March 2008)
© Timothy Tye using this photo
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bygone Kedah, by Dato' James F. Augustin (1954), published by the State Museum of Kedah Darul Aman.
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