Orang Asli is the name given to the group of indigenous peoples of Peninsular Malaysia. They can be divided into three main groups - the Negrito (also called Semang), the Senoi and the Proto-Malay.
The Orang Asli had the Malay peninsula all to themselves until the arrival of Indian traders in the first millennium. The establishment of the Malay Sultanate coincided with the start of the raids on Orang Asli settlements for ready slaves. The Malays until the 19th century regarded the Orang Asli as savages that can be tamed as domestic help. The abolishing of slavery by JWW Birch in Perak was met with great displeasure by the Malay rulers who subsequently plotted his murder, which was carried out at Pasir Salak.
The Orang Asli was a vital help in defeating the communists during the Emergency of 1948-1960. Without their help, and their knowledge of the rainforest, the government would have had an even harder time in vanquishing the communist threat. The recognition of their importance led to the enactment of the Aboriginal Peoples Ordinance in 1954.
As Malaysia marched headlong into industrialisation in the 1980's and 90's, the rights of the Orang Asli were often overlooked, resulting in the destruction of their living space and the Orang Asli retreating deeper into the forest. To look after their own interest, the Orang Asli formed the Peninsular malaysia Orang Asli Association, a platform allowing them to voice issues of their concern.
To know more about the Orang Asli, visit the Muzium Orang Asli (Orang Asli Museum) in Gombak, Selangor.
The Orang Asli of Malaysia
Negrito (Semang) This subgroup of the Orang Asli live mostly on the northern part of Peninsular Malaysia. They are further subdivided into the following tribes.
Temuan Orang Asli subtribe found in Selangor, Pahang, Negri Sembilan and Johor.
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